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STEFAN BATORY (1533 -1586) Son of Stefan, voivode of Transylvania, and Katarzyna Telegdi. From 1571, prince of Transylvania, and from 1576, second elective king of Poland. At great financial expense, he organized an army and conducted three victorious campaigns against Moscow (1579, 1580, 1581), capturing Polotsk, Velikiye Luki and besieging Pskov. The war with Russia ended with the truce in Jama Zapolski, strengthened the rule of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in Livonia and expanded the borders of Lithuania.
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Wartościowa edukująca historycznie publikacja, której intrygujący tytuł pobudza do zastanowienia, o jakie wydarzenie historyczne chodzi. W Polsce miało początek wiele wydarzeń, ale nie wiele z nich jest tak fałszywie interpretowanych przez część europejskich historyków, jak właśnie początek i przyczyna upadku reżimów komunistycznych a szczególnie tego najgorszego – Związku Radzieckiego. Staramy się poprzez tę planszę dać udokumentowaną odpowiedź na istotne pytania dotyczące tamtego okres i tamtych wydarzeń.
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The board presents a selection of over 120 outstanding Poles who made a significant contribution to the creation and strengthening of Polish statehood, culture and national heritage. Their images appear at the bottom of the map and are numbered, which allows easy identification of the person according to the list below. In the center of the board there are portraits of 12 figures particularly important to Poles and our national tradition.
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The board was published in 2019, on the 450th anniversary of the Union of Lublin. The attractive, stylized form of the publication presents the history and significance of that great event. We presented: – content of the act of the Senate of the Republic of Poland establishing 2019 as the year of the Union of Lublin – a photocopy of the Act of the Union of Lublin in actual size – panorama of Lublin from 1614 – extensive fragments of the original text of the union – a brief historical outline of events related to the Union of Lublin – fragment of the will of King Sigismund II Augustus referring to the Union of Lublin – image of Jan Matejko's painting - Union of Lublin – Map of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth from the 17th century. The board is topped with a wax seal with an eagle, is 98 cm wide and is mounted on decorative bars.
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The board commemorates Saint. Stanisław of Szczepanów (also Stanisław Szczepanowski), bishop of Krakow, martyr, saint of the Catholic Church and one of the main patrons of Poland. The illumination placed on the board shows Saint. Stanisław as the patron saint of the Kingdom of Poland and comes from the work of Jan Długosz entitled Catalog of the Archbishops of Gniezno (Latin: Catalogus archiepiscoporum gnesnensium) from before 1476. The author of the painting is the Cistercian Stanisław Samoshootnik, a. Stanisław of Mogila (1480 - 541) - Polish painter, illuminator and miniaturist. The illustrations for the catalog were made several dozen years after Jan Długosz's death.
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The Polish Memorial is a unique board, a one-of-a-kind vademecum of Polish history, presenting in a condensed verbal and graphic form the principles of the thousand-year-old heritage of the Polish nation. The main theme of the publication is an anniversary calendar of Polish history written in the form of a historical essay by prof. Andrzej Nowak, an outstanding scientist and committed patriot. The 100th anniversary of regaining independence became an impulse for the historian to present other significant anniversaries. Describing over 1,000 years of Polish history, the professor brings us closer to the historical continuity of Polish fate and the importance of the generational transmission of culture and tradition. At the bottom of the memorial, we have placed replicas of historical seals of Polish rulers and people and institutions significantly inscribed in Polish cultural heritage. Apart from the title essay, there are symbols of national identity on the board: - national emblem and anthem, - engravings depicting the former capitals of Poland - Gniezno, Krakow and the modern capital - Warsaw, and Częstochowa as the spiritual capital of the country, - images of the most outstanding Poles, those considered to be the Fathers of Independence in 1918, and representatives of generations that have maintained their independence deed and legacy over the millennium, - significant messages and statements about Poland and Poles, - a brief description of the history of Poland's independence and symbolically illustrating it with engravings. The canons of Polishness written down and illustrated on the board by the editors, apart from their educational function, are also an aesthetic element of the patriotic decor of apartments and offices, expressing respect and attachment to tradition.
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